Students often say that math is their least favorite subject—too abstract, too much about memorizing rules and formulae, and, frankly, not much fun.

After five years of working as a math tutor, Carr knew how to prepare students for standardized math tests, but he didn’t have the coding expertise necessary to turn his experience into an engaging, educational app.

Fortunately, Carr met Chris Fakhimi, a master’s student in computer science. Fakhimi’s course on computing-based entrepreneurship and Carr’s class on launching tech startups encouraged collaborative projects—the computer science students furnished the technical know-how, and the ESTEEM students provided the business savvy.

When Fakhimi read Carr’s proposal for the math app, he was hooked.

“I was always interested in making an app—designing and building all the technical features myself, and I enjoy math games and puzzles, so David’s proposal for the Pi-Squared app really appealed to me,” said Fakhimi.

Over a six-month period, Carr and Fakhimi successfully designed, developed, and deployed their app on both iOS and Android platforms.

Pi-Squared covers all the usual high-school math subjects—algebra, geometry, calculus—while offering exam-specific questions, feedback on incorrect answers, daily math puzzles, and time-pressured quizzes to increase engagement.

To gather input on the app’s functionality and overall user experience, Carr interviewed over a hundred teachers and tested the app on more than 300 students. Teachers thought the gamified approach to math was engaging, while students valued the competitive features such as leaderboards. Highlights for students included a Wordle-like feature called the Daily and the app’s Frenzy mode where players satisfy equations by clicking on numbers flying across the screen.

Carr said that the app is meant to enhance rather than replace classroom instruction. By encouraging students to practice math skills, he hopes they will be better prepared to learn college-level math—a perspective shared by those teaching upper-level STEM courses.

“As a university professor, I have talked to students who cite challenges at the high school level—including lack of engagement, lack of resources, etc.—that contribute to struggles in university math, science, and engineering courses,” said Aaron Dingler, associate teaching professor in computer science and engineering.

“Pi-Squared can help get students engaged and excited about math and develop the skills and confidence to help them succeed in their high school and college coursework.”